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Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
& LactationTablet: Studies have shown that the use of corticosteroids in pregnancy had no adverse effects on the fetus in terms of psychological development or growth. It was reported that prolonged or repeated high doses increased the risk of intra-uterine growth retardation but this did not seem to be a problem following short term therapy. Use of prednisone in pregnancy and lactation necessitates the consideration of potential benefits of the drug weighed against the possible risks to the mother and the fetus.Adverse ReactionsAdverse effects such as adrenal suppression may occur when prednisone is used chronically.Some adverse reactions include gastrointestinal distress, nausea, peptic ulcer, behavioral disturbances, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, visual disturbances, growth retardation, skin atrophy, moon face, Cushingoid state, hirsutism and muscle atrophy.Drug InteractionsThe effect of prednisone may be reduced by anticonvulsants, phenobarbital, phenytoin, antihistamines, barbiturates, ephedrine, primidone and rifampicin.The efficacy of hypoglycemics, diuretics, salicylates and anticholinesterases may be reduced by prednisone.Prednisone when taken with azathioprine provides salutary effects. Aspirin and estrogen may enhance the effect of prednisone. The dose of prednisone is reduced when taking cyclosporine, an immunosuppressant.StorageStore at temperatures not exceeding 30°C.ActionPharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Tablet: The actions of prednisone as a strong anti-inflammatory agent account for its numerous beneficial effects in controlling manifestations of a wide range of clinical disorders.Prednisone delivers broad and potent anti-inflammatory effects through multiple mechanisms.Prednisone inhibits the production of inflammatory substances.Prednisone has advantage over the other steroids because it exerts little effect on renal reabsorption while possessing very potent anti-inflammatory actions. It has very minimal salt-retaining properties.Like other corticosteroids, prednisone is metabolized mainly in the liver but is also metabolized in other tissues. Prednisone is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration and is rapidly distributed to all body tissues.In the liver, it is rapidly converted into a more active form, prednisolone, which has greater anti-inflammatory and less salt-retaining actions. Peak plasma concentration is obtained 1 to 2 hours after oral administration.In the prednisolone form, it has a biological half-life of about 12-36 hours, so dosage may be adjusted to the functional pattern of circadian rhythm to decrease risk of adrenal insufficiency. Prednisone is extensively bound to plasma proteins. It is excreted in the urine as free and conjugated metabolites together with proportion of unchanged prednisolone. Small amounts of prednisolone are excreted in breast milk.Pharmacodynamics: Suspension: Prednisone is a synthetic steroid which has advantage over the other steroids because it exerts little effect
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